www.example.com is an example of a domain name. The idea of a domain name is that it is readable and easy to remember by people. However, the Internet itself does not read domain names but IP addresses such as 123.45.68.7 and for this it, requires a Domain Name Server (DNS), which leads a Domain Name to its corresponding IP address. It’s like giving your house a name like Mango Cove, but for people or the postman to really find your house you have an address that may go along the lines of Hse. 11, Orchard Street, 55500 Sydney Australia (fictional).
The Internet has many Domain Name Servers, each of which store a collection of domain names and communicate with other DNS through a private network protocol. Within each DNS, there is a structural organization at which what is called the root server sits at the very top. The root server contains the complete collection of domain names, and the lower level DNS servers have only a fraction of the entire domain name collection.
The end-user computer is a client of these Domain Name Servers. When we type in a Domain name, we are requesting that our DNS translate that name for us into it’s IP address. Should our DNS not have the name listed in its collection, it then asks for the help of other DNS to locate the website via their uk web hosting service.
